of the Cell

The cell is the most detailed and concentrated organizational structure known to humanity. It is a lively microcosmic city, with factories for making building supplies, packaging centers for transporting the supplies, trucks that move the materials along highways, communication devices, hospitals for repairing injuries, a massive library of information, power stations providing usable energy, garbage removal, walls for protection and city gates for allowing certain materials to come and go from the cell. The cell’s complexity, organization and efficiency is a reflection of either amazing chance and "good" genetic mistakes or profound intelligence and design.

Though the picture on the next page and accompanying narrative describes a hive of activity, it, too, is representative of the "simplest" single-celled, self-replicating (asexual) organisms. These are prokaryotes--commonly called bacteria.

The picture on the next page represents a eukaryote cell, of which plants, animals and people are composed. Eukaryotes have DNA contained in a membrane-bound nucleus. These cells have organelles that prokaryotic cells do not have, such as the mitochondria and Golgi complex. Eukaryotes have as much as a thousand times more DNA than prokaryotes.¹ Some questions: Does this mean that prokaryotic cells are simple? Is it probable or even logically possible that these cells could have developed spontaneously?

In an effort to understand the problem of the origin of life, this chapter will examine one of nature’s most common and simplest-known cells--bacteria. If evolution is true, the first living cell would likely have been an organism such as the single-celled bacterium E. coli. It exists in great numbers in the human intestinal tract.

Eukaryotic Cell This cell type is much more complex than the prokaryote cell. The evolutionist jump from a prokaryotic cell, like E. coli, to a eukaryote cell, like those that make up the 75 trillion cells in the human body, is as large as the origin-of-life jump from chemicals to the first reproducing cell. It is a huge jump--another significant problem for evolutionists.

"The number of individual E. coli bacteria in the feces that one human passes in one day averages 1011 (= one with eleven zeroes after it) to 1013."²

Most strains of E. coli are harmless and help in producing Vitamins K and B, but certain subspecies of E. coli produce stomach and bowel inflammation or illness. It is a fairly simple organism, though evolutionists would likely refer to other bacteria such as Heliobacillus mobilis and cyanobacteria as precursors to E. coli. However, as it is the most common example of bacteria, E. coli will be used to help describe prokaryotic cells, the simplest of life forms.

Microsoft Encarta says, "Prokaryotes are the ancestors of all life forms."³ Yes, prokaryotes are "simpler" than eukaryotes, but prokaryotic cells (bacteria) are still extremely complex organisms, as shall be shown.

The current theory of evolution states that Earth began about 4.6 billion years ago as a molten mass. Life began (supposedly something like a prokaryotic organism) about a half to a billion years after Earth was formed. Evolution requires this length of time for Earth to cool and to allow for the various complex microbiological structures that are essential for life to evolve.

But could life have evolved from chemicals into the first bacteria-like organism? Here are five factors which produce another irrefutable argument against evolution.

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